The 5 stages of palliative care
Palliative care typically has five stages that determine how care is planned and delivered. It's important to note that the five stages are a framework and not a fixed timeline, as some stages may overlap and aren't always strictly sequential.
The five stages of palliative care are:
Stage 1 — Creating a bespoke care plan
The palliative care process starts with an assessment and plan creation at the point of diagnosis or when care is first needed. The GP and specialist care team assess a person's needs to create a personalised care plan, covering current symptoms, treatment preferences, and likely progression.
The bespoke care plan also considers a person's future care decisions, including Lasting Power of Attorney, advance decisions, and care preferences. It also confirms where care will take place, such as at home, in a care home, at a hospital, or a hospice.
Stage 2 — Emotional, spiritual and psychological support
The second stage of palliative care is the wellbeing and support layer, which runs alongside physical care. It focuses on providing the individual and their family with support in processing the diagnosis and the path ahead.
Various options can support a person's psychological, emotional, and spiritual wellbeing, including:
Counselling, peer groups, and therapies (such as music, massage, and mindfulness)
Support to help the individual process their diagnosis and the path ahead
Family involvement – family members and carers receive support at this stage
Spiritual and religious support where relevant to the individual
Stage 3 — Enacting the care plan
The next step is to enact a person's personalised care plan to improve their quality of life at home. The goal is to help an individual maintain their independence, comfort, and normal routine for as long as possible.
To do so, the care team may make various home adaptations, including installing stairlifts, grab rails and adjustable lifts to support mobility and independence. Disabled Facilities Grants can help fund the adaptations to support safety and independence in the home.
Your loved one also receives regular assistance from experienced community nurses and visiting carers. Plus, a care plan may include live-in Palliative care to help your loved one live well at home. It ensures a dedicated carer is always available to assist with personal care, household tasks, meal preparation, and medication management.
The palliative care team also carries out regular symptom reviews to make any necessary adjustments to the care plan.
Find out how live-in palliative care from Consultus Care and Nursing can support your loved one at home. Call 01732 496715 or request a callback today.
Stage 4 — End-of-life care
As your loved one's illness progresses, the palliative care team supports the transition to end-of-life care as they approach their final weeks or months of life. This involves shifting the focus to comfort, pain control, and reducing unnecessary interventions.
There is no fixed point throughout the process, and the palliative care team compassionately guides their family through this transition. There are two main settings for end-of-life care: hospice care or care at home, with many families often preferring home care with a live-in carer.
During this time, the palliative care team reviews key documentation, such as the advance decision (living will) and care preferences.
Stage 5 — Bereavement support
The palliative care team provides bereavement support to a person's family and close friends after they've passed away. The same care team often continues to support the family for up to 12 months, as continuity matters during the grieving process.
Various forms of support are available to help loved ones come to terms with their loss and move forward with their lives, including counselling, group support, and practical guidance on grief and funeral arrangements.
Families can also access free counselling from various organisations, such as Cruse Bereavement Support.